Mischna
Mischna

Kommentar zu Bava Batra 6:3

הַמּוֹכֵר יַיִן לַחֲבֵרוֹ וְהֶחְמִיץ, אֵינוֹ חַיָּב בְּאַחֲרָיוּתוֹ. וְאִם יָדוּעַ שֶׁיֵּינוֹ מַחְמִיץ, הֲרֵי זֶה מִקַּח טָעוּת. וְאִם אָמַר לוֹ יַיִן מְבֻשָּׂם אֲנִי מוֹכֵר לְךָ, חַיָּב לְהַעֲמִיד לוֹ עַד הָעֲצֶרֶת. וְיָשָׁן, מִשֶּׁל אֶשְׁתָּקַד. וּמְיֻשָּׁן, מִשֶּׁל שָׁלֹשׁ שָׁנִים:

Wenn jemand Wein an seinen Nachbarn verkauft und dieser sauer wird, haftet er [der Verkäufer] nicht für Rücksendungen. [Als er es verkaufte, war es Wein. Dies nur, wenn es in den Gefäßen des Käufers zu Essig wurde. Denn wenn er in den Schiffen des Verkäufers ist, kann er (der Käufer) zu ihm sagen: "Hier ist dein Wein und hier sind deine Gefäße." Und der Verkäufer kann ihm nicht sagen: "Warum haben Sie es so lange in den Schiffen gelassen? Es ist Ihr Verlust." Denn der Käufer kann ihm sagen: "Ich habe Ihnen am Anfang gesagt, dass ich den Wein nur nach und nach verwenden wollte."] Und wenn bekannt ist, dass sein Wein sauer wird, [dh dass er nicht von Dauer ist; und der Käufer sagte ihm, dass er es nicht für Wein (dh zum sofortigen Trinken) brauche, sondern für Mikpeh, um nach und nach verwendet zu werden], es sei ein "falscher Verkauf". [Denn er hätte ihm sagen sollen, dass sein Wein nicht "hält".] Und wenn er ihm sagte: "Ich verkaufe Ihnen gewürzten Wein, [der im Allgemeinen bis Shevuoth" hält ", wonach er verdirbt, muss er ihn versorgen ( mit Wein, der hält) bis Shevuoth.] Und [wenn er ihm Wein verkaufte, der angeblich "alt" ist, [gibt er ihm Wein] aus dem Vorjahr. Und "sehr alt" aus drei Jahren (vorher).

Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra

אינו חייב – [the seller in his responsibility] for at the time of the sale, it was wine. And specifically, when it became fermented/sour in the utensils of the purchaser, for if it were in the utensils of the seller [when it became fermented], he (i.e., the purchaser) could say to him (i.e., the seller): “ this is your wine and this your vessel,” and the seller is not able to say to him: “why did you leave it (i.e., the wine) in these vessels so long? You are the one who has taken a loss,” for this one could have said to him: but from the beginning, I informed you that it was not my intention to be supported by this wine, other than a little bit [at a time].”
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy

English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Batra

If a man sold wine to his fellow and it turned sour he is not responsible. But if it was known [to the seller] that his wine would [soon] turn sour, this is a mistaken purchase.
If he had said to him, “I am selling you spiced wine”, he is responsible for its remaining [good] until Shavuoth.
[If he said] it is old wine, it must be from last year’s. [If he said] it is vintage old wine, it must be from the year before last.

Mishnah three discusses rules concerning the sale of wine.
This mishnah is concerned with the responsibility of a wine seller to ensure the quality and preservation of the wine which he sells. If he sold him wine and it turned sour, the seller is not in general responsible, since wine is known to turn sour. If, however, the seller knew that the wine would soon turn sour and he did not warn the buyer, the seller is responsible to return the buyer’s money.
If he sold him spiced wine, he is responsible that it not turn sour until Shavuoth. Spiced wine was known to last during the winter but turn to vinegar due to the heat of the summer. Therefore the wine need only last until Shavuoth, the holiday celebrated at the beginning of the summer.
Finally the mishnah clarifies two terms used in the selling of wine. “Old wine” must be from last year’s batch and “vintage old wine” must be from the year before last. If the seller promised one of these types of wine and he gave the buyer wine that was not as old, the buyer can demand his money back.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy

Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra

ואם ידוע שיינו מחמיץ – that it is not preserved and the other one says to him that he didn’t need wine, but rather for a stiff mass of grist, oil and onions and to let it stand to take from it only bit by bit.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy

Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra

הרי זה מקח טעות – he should have informed him that his wine does not endure.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy

Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra

מבוסם – it is its manner to endure until Shavuot. But from then onward, the heat spoils it.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy

Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Batra

וישן – if he sold him wine on the condition that it is old, he gives him from the year before – from the year that past that precedes this one.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Vorheriger VersGanzes KapitelNächster Vers